Annex 1 - Key Contextual Variables in the "Context/Drivers" Database

Variable

Definition (measuring unit) (sources)

Spatial coverage

GIS type, resolution

Biophysical driver

ARIDITY

Aridity index (Trabucco and Zomer, 2009)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

PRECIP-TREND

Long-term trend of annual precipitation (floating trend coefficient) (Le et al., 2016)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

WATER- PROXIMITY

Proximity to water body (m) (Bidarar/ICARDA, 2015)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

BROAD-COVER

Broad class of land cover (10 classes[1] aggrated from 22 classes of Globcover data (Bicheron et al., 2008)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

TREE-DEN

Tree density (trees/km2) (Glick et al., 2016)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

DEM-GTOPO30

Altitude above sea level (m) (USGS, 1998)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

SLOPE-DEG

Surface slope (degree) (calculated from GTOPO30 data (Le, 2016)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

SQC1-NUTAVA

Soil quality constraint regarding nutrient availability (4 ordinary classes from HWSD supplementary data[2]) (Fischer et al., 2008)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

SQC2-NUTRCAP

Soil quality constraint regarding nutrient retention capacity (4 ordinary classes from HWSD supplementary data2) (Fischer et al., 2008)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

SQC3-ROOTCOD

Soil quality constraint regarding rooting condition (4 ordinary classes from HWSD supplementary data 2) (Fischer et al., 2008)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

SQC4-OXYGEN

Soil quality constraint regarding soil oxygen (4 ordinary classes from HWSD supplementary data2) (Fischer et al., 2008)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

SQC5-SALT

Soil quality constraint regarding  salinity (4 ordinary classes2) (Fischer et al., 2008)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

SQC6-TOXICITY

Soil quality constraint regarding  toxicity (4 ordinary classes2) (Fischer et al., 2008)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

SQC7-WORKCAP

Soil quality constraint regarding work capacity (4 ordinary classes) (Fischer et al., 2008)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

Physical and institutional accessibility to land resources

DIST-ROAD

Distance to main road (km) (Biradar/ICARDA, 2015)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

DIST-TOWN

Distance to district capital (km) (Biradar/ICARDA, 2015)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

PROTECT-AREA

Protected area (1= protected, 0= otherwise) (IUCN world database of protected areas – WDPA) (UNEP-WCMC, 2016; https://protectedplanet.net/)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

TENURE-SEC

USAID's tenure security level (Mirzabaev et al., 2016)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

Demographic dynamics and pressure

POP-DEN2015

Average population density 2015 (persons/km2) from GPW data (CIESIN-CIAT, 2005 and 2016)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

POP-DEN-RURAL

Rural population density 2000 (person/km2) (downscaled from FGGD database (FAO, 2007))

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

POP-CHANGE

Change in population density over the period 1990-2015 (persons/km2) (calculated from GPW data) (Le, 2016)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

National economic development

GDPCAP

Average GDP per capita per 15 x 15 mintues in 2008 ($US/person/yr) (Global 15 x 15 Minute Grids of the Downscaled GDP Based on the SRES B2 Scenario, averaged for 1990-2025 (Gaffin et al., 2004))

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

GDPCAP-GRW

Mean growth rate of annual GDP during 1990-2025 (% of baseline value in 1990) (Calculated using gridded downscaled GDP (SRES B2 Scenario) (Gaffin et al., 2004))

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

AGRI-POVERTY

ICARDA's index of agricultural resource poverty

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size

Socio-ecological contextual similarity

SES-TYPE

CRP-DS's socio-ecological context type (numeric codes of different contextual types) (Le et al., in prep.)

Global

Raster, 1-km pixel size